Read more about the article A Paper Son’s Great Test — His Entrance Exam
A paper son faced an intense pass/fail entrance interview to enter the United States, or be turned back.

A Paper Son’s Great Test — His Entrance Exam

Bing K. Wong's 1938 immigration photo Coming into San Pedro Bay, was he happy and excited, or anxious and fearful? His biggest hurdle was still ahead. My father, Bing K.…

Continue ReadingA Paper Son’s Great Test — His Entrance Exam
Read more about the article The Butcher’s Wish for His Secret Child
The montage show's Wong Toy Wing's family at a dinner: Son Albert, left, paper son Bing T., daughter Doris, wife Nguey Sum, Toy Wing, youngest son Hank and eldest daughter Tai Yeot. Not pictured is youngest daughter Judy. The map shows Chinatown in 1909. The Sam Sing butcher shop is on the left side of the image, to the right of the Plaza. The map is courtesy the Library of Congress.

The Butcher’s Wish for His Secret Child

Toy Wing Wong, a Chinese immigrant and butcher, sought to reunite with his secret daughter, Tai Yeot, left in China due to U.S. immigration constraints. Involved in the "Paper Son" system, he facilitated others' journeys too.

Continue ReadingThe Butcher’s Wish for His Secret Child